Harrison Principi di Medicina interna, 21e

Autori

James L. Abbruzzese, MD, FACP, FASCO, DSc (hon)

Professor, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina [92]

Manal F. Abdelmalek, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina [343]

John C. Achermann, MD, PhD

Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow in Clinical Science, Genetics & Genomic Medicine, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom [390]

David Adams, MD, PhD

Deputy Director of Clinical Genomics, Office of the Clinical Director/NHGRI and Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [492]

John W. Adamson, MD

Clinical Professor, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California [63, 97]

Praveen Akuthota, MD

Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California [288]

Christine Albert, MD, MPH

Chair, Department of Cardiology; Lee and Harold Kapelovitz Endowed Chair in Research Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California [306]

Ash A. Alizadeh, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine (Oncology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California [490]

Anthony A. Amato, MD

Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Distinguished Chair of Neurology and Chief, Neuromuscular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [365, 446–449]

Rachel L. Amdur, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [35]

Neil M. Ampel, MD

Professor Emeritus of Medicine and Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona [213]

Kenneth C. Anderson, MD

Kraft Family Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts [111]

Rosa M. Andrade, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California [223]

Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH

Distinguished Professor and Mitchell P. Fink Endowed Chair, Department of Critical Care Medicine; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [304]

Elliott M. Antman, MD

Professor of Medicine; Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician; Senior Investigator, TIMI Study Trial, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [273, 275]

Frederick R. Appelbaum, MD

Deputy Director, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington [114]

Cesar A. Arias, MD, PhD, MSc, FIDSA

Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Hospital; Professor and John F. III and Ann H. Bookout Distinguished Chair; Co-Director Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas [149]

Wiebke Arlt, MD, DSc, FRCP, FMedSci

William Withering Chair of Medicine, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham; Consultant Endocrinologist, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom [386]

Katrina A. Armstrong, MD

Physician in Chief, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [6]

Andrew W. Artenstein, MD

Chief Physician Executive and Chief Academic Officer, Baystate Health; Regional Executive Dean and Professor of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts [S6 edizione originale]

David A. Asch, MD, MBA

Executive Director, Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation; John Morgan Professor, Perelman School of Medicine and the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [481]

Samuel Y. Ash, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [A12]

Elizabeth A. Ashley, MB, BS, MRCP, FRCPath

Professor of Tropical Medicine, Oxford University; Director, Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Vientiane, Lao PDR [224, A2]

John C. Atherton, MD, FRCP

Professor of Gastroenterology and Dean of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom [163]

Eric H. Awtry, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Associate Chair for Clinical Affairs, Section of Cardiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [271, 272]

Jamil Azzi, MD

Associate Physician, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Director, Renal Transplant Fellowship; Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [313]

Bruce R. Bacon, MD

Emeritus Professor of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri [344]

Jessica M. Baker, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin [26]

Zoica Bakirtzief, PhD

Guest Professor of Psychology, Vocational Teacher Certification Program, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil [179]

Ruben Baler, PhD

Health Scientist, Office of Science Policy and Communications, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [455]

John R. Balmes, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California [289]

Manisha Balwani, MD, MS

Professor, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York [416]

Robert L. Barbieri, MD

Kate Macy Ladd Distinguished Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School; Chief of Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [479]

Alan G. Barbour, MD

Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California [185]

Joanne M. Bargman, MD, FRCPC

Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto; Staff Nephrologist, University Health Network; Clinician Investigator, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute; Director, Peritoneal Dialysis Program, Co-Director, Renal-Rheumatology Lupus Clinic, University Health Network [311]

Tamar F. Barlam, MD, MSc

Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Chief, Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [122, 158]

Richard J. Barohn, MD

Executive Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs; Executive Director, NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri [440, 446]

Beverly W. Baron, MD

Professor of Pathology, Retired, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [127, 290]

Rebecca M. Baron, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Pulmonary Division and Critical Care, Boston, Massachusetts [37, 127, 290, 300, 301]

Miriam Baron Barshak, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [127, 132, 290]

Buddha Basnyat, MSc, MD, FACP, FRCP(Edinburgh)

Director, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit—Nepal, Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal [462]

Joseph Bass, MD, PhD

Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [485]

Shari S. Bassuk, ScD

Epidemiologist, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [395]

David W. Bates, MD, MSc

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Phyllis Jen Center for Primary Care, Boston, Massachusetts [8]

Robert P. Baughman, MD

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio [367]

Laurence H. Beck, Jr., MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [316]

Nicholas J. Beeching, FRCP, FRACP, FFTM RCPS(Glasg), FESCMID, FISTM, DTM&H, DCH

Consultant in Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust; Emeritus Professor of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom [169]

Alex S. Befeler, MD

Medical Director Liver Transplant, Professor of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri [344]

Michael H. Bennett, MD, MBBS, MM (Clin Epi)

Conjoint Professor in Anesthesia and Hyperbaric Medicine; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales; Academic Head of Department, Wales Anaesthesia, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia [463]

Shelley L. Berger, PhD

Daniel S. Och University Professor, Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology; Biology; Genetics; Director, Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [483]

Jean Bergounioux, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Versailles Saint Quentin University - Paris Saclay, UFR Simone Veil - Motigney le Bretonneux, France; Director, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Intensive Care Medicine, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Garches, France [166]

John L. Berk, MD

Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Assistant Director, Amyloidosis Center, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [112]

Jeffrey Berns, MD

Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics; Associate Chief, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division; Vice-President and Associate Dean for Graduate Medical Education, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [478]

Aaron S. Bernstein, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School; Hospitalist, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital; Interim Director, Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts [125]

Jeanne Bertolli, PhD

Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Zoonotic and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [450]

Joseph R. Betancourt, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [10]

Emily D. Bethea, MD

Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Clinical Director of Liver Transplantation, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [337]

Julie A. Bettinger, MPH, PhD

Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada [3]

Atul K. Bhan, MBBS, MD

Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Associate Director, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [A13]

Shalender Bhasin, MB, BS

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Research Program in Men’s Health: Aging and Metabolism; Director, Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [391, 399]

Deepak L. Bhatt, MD, MPH, FACC, FAHA, FSCAI, FESC

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Executive Director of Interventional Cardiovascular Programs, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Boston, Massachusetts [276, A11]

Roby P. Bhattacharyya, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Member, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts [121]

Daniel G. Bichet, MD

Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal; Staff Nephrologist, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada [381]

David R. Bickers, MD

Carl Truman Nelson Professor and Chair, Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York [61]

William R. Bishai, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [150]

Bruce R. Bistrian, MD, PhD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Clinical Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [335]

Lucas S. Blanton, MD

Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas [187]

Martin J. Blaser, MD

Henry Rutgers Chair of the Human Microbiome; Director, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey [163, 167]

Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers, MD, PhD

Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [20, 187]

William Blum, MD

Director, Acute Leukemia Program; Professor, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia [104]

Richard S. Blumberg, MD

Vice-Chair for Research in Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [326]

Yair J. Blumenfeld, MD

Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Maternal Fetal Medicine), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California [490]

Jean L. Bolognia, MD

Professor, Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut [58]

Joseph V. Bonventre, MD, PhD

Chief, Renal Division and Engineering in Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [310]

Joshua A. Boyce, MD

Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics; Albert L. Sheffer Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Inflammation and Allergic Disease Research Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [352–354]

Emily B. Brant, MD, MS

Assistant Professor, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [304]

Eugene Braunwald, MD

Distinguished Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, BWH/Founding Chair, TIMI Group, Boston, Massachusetts [274]

Irwin M. Braverman, MD

Professor Emeritus; Senior Research Scientist, Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut [58]

Otis W. Brawley, MD, MACP, FRCP(L), FASCO, FACE

Bloomberg Distinguished Professor, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland [70]

Benjamin L. Brett, PhD

Medical College of Wisconsin, Assistant Professor, Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology (Division Neuropsychology), Milwaukee, Wisconsin [443]

Manfred Brigl, MD

Assistant Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [S9 edizione italiana]

F. Richard Bringhurst, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [409]

Steven M. Bromley, MD

Director, South Jersey MS Center, Bromley Neurology PC, Audubon, New Jersey [33]

Darron R. Brown, MD

Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana [198]

Kevin E. Brown, MD, MRCP, FRCPath

Consultant Medical Virologist, Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom [197]

Robert H. Brown, Jr., MD, PhD

Chairman, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts [437, 449]

Amy E. Bryant, PhD

Research Professor, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Meridian, Idaho [129, 154]

G. Scott Budinger, MD

Ernest S. Bazley Professor of Airway Diseases; Chief, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [491]

Fred Bunz, MD, PhD

Associate Professor, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [71]

Lucile Burgo-Black, MD, FACP

National Co-Director, VA Post-Deployment Integrated Care Initiative, Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut [S7 edizione originale]

Maxine A. Burkett, JD

Professor of Law, William S. Richardson School of Law, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii [475]

Christopher M. Burns, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire [417]

David M. Burns, MD

Professor Emeritus, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine Del Mar, California [454]

John C. Byrd, MD

D. Warren Brown Chair of Leukemia Research; Distinguished University Professor of Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry, and Veterinary Biosciences; Director, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio [107]

Rodrigo T. Calado, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil [469]

Michael Camilleri, MD

Atherton and Winifred W. Bean Professor; Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Physiology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota [46]

Christopher P. Cannon, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Education Director, Cardiovascular Innovation, Preventive Cardiology Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [274]

Brian C. Capell, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Dermatology and Genetics, Departments of Dermatology and Genetics, Penn Epigenetics Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [483]

Jonathan Carapetis, MBBS, FRACP, FAFPHM, PhD

Executive Director, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia [359]

Arturo Casadevall, MD, PhD

Professor and Chair, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland [215]

Jonathan Cedernaes, MD, PhD

Visiting Postdoctoral Fellow, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [485]

Anil K. Chandraker, MB, ChB

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Medical Director, Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, Massachusetts [313]

François Chappuis, MD, MCTM, PhD

Head of Division, Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland [227]

Richelle C. Charles, MD, FIDSA

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts [133]

Justin T. Cheeley, MD, FAAD

Assistant Professor, Divisions of Dermatology and Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia [57]

Alex Chen, MD

Associate Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaiser Permanente, South Sacramento Campus, Sacramento, California [460]

Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California [312]

Jacques Chiaroni, MD, PhD

Professor, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, UMR 7268; Etablissement Francais du Sang Provence Alpes Côté d’Azur et Corse, Marseille, France [113]

Hyon K. Choi, MD, DrPH

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Gout and Crystal Arthropathy Center; Director, Clinical Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [372]

Benjamin F. Chong, MD, MSCS

Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas [59]

Raymond T. Chung, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director of Hepatology and Liver Center; Vice Chief, Gastroenterology Division; Kevin and Polly Maroni MGH Research Scholar, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [345]

Jeffrey W. Clark, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Medical Director, Clinical Trials Core, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [72]

Bruce H. Cohen, MD, FAAN

Professor of Pediatrics, Northeast Ohio Medical University; Professor of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University; Considine Family Endowed Chair in Research – Akron Children’s Hospital; Director; Neuro Developmental Science Center, Akron Children’s Hospital; Divisions of Neurology, Neurosurgery, NeuroBehavioral Health, Physiatry and Developmental Pediatrics; Interim Vice President and Medical Director, Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children’s Hospital, Akron, Ohio [468]

Jeffrey I. Cohen, MD

Chief, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [191, 194, 204]

Amanda Cohn, MD

Chief Medical Officer, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Atlanta, Georgia [123]

Jennifer P. Collins, MD, MSc

Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [151]

Wilson M. Compton, MD, MPE

Deputy Director, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland [457]

Jean M. Connors, MD

Hematology Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [116]

Darwin L. Conwell, MD, MS

Professor of Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Director, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio [347, 348]

Lawrence Corey, MD

Professor of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington; Past President & Director, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Professor, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington [192]

Jorge Cortes, MD

Jane and John Justin Distinguished Chair in Leukemia Research; Deputy Chairman; Section Chief of AML and CML, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [105]

Sara E. Cosgrove, MD, MS

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [128]

James D. Crapo, MD

Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado [292]

Mark A. Creager, MD

Professor of Medicine, Professor of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth; Director, Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire [280–282]

Bruce A. C. Cree, MD, PhD, MAS

George A. Zimmermann Endowed Professor in Multiple Sclerosis; Professor of Clinical Neurology; Clinical Research Director, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California [444, 445]

Leslie J. Crofford, MD

Professor, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University; Chief, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [373]

Jennifer M. Croswell, MD, MPH

Senior Program Officer, Office of the Chief Science Officer, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), Washington, DC [70]

James E. Crowe, Jr., MD

Director, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center; Ann Scott Carell Chair and Professor, Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [199]

Ian Crozier, MD

NIH/NIAID/DCR Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland [209, 210]

Philip E. Cryer, MD

Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri [406]

Gary C. Curhan, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Professor of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine/Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [318]

Brendan D. Curti, MD

Director, Cytokine and Adoptive Immunotherapy; Director, Genitourinary Oncology Research and Director, Melanoma Program; Robert W. Franz Endowed Chair for Clinical Research, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, a Division of the Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon [76]

John J. Cush, MD

Executive Editor, RheumNow.com; Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas [370]

Charles A. Czeisler, MD, PhD

Frank Baldino, Jr., PhD Professor of Sleep Medicine, Professor of Medicine and Director, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [31]

Carolyn M. D’Ambrosio, MS, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [39]

Josep Dalmau, MD, PhD

ICREA Professor, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Adjunct Professor, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [94]

Inger K. Damon, MD, PhD

Director, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (DHCPP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [196]

Daniel F. Danzl, MD

Professor and Emeritus Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky [464, 465]

Robert B. Daroff, MD

Professor and Chair Emeritus, Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; University Hospitals–Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio [22]

Jaideep Das Gupta, MD

Vascular Surgery Fellow, Vascular Surgery Division, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California [329]

Stephen N. Davis, MBBS, FRCP, FACE, MACP

Theodore E. Woodward Professor of Medicine; Professor of Physiology; Chairman, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Director, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research; Vice President of Clinical Translational Science University of Maryland, Baltimore; Physician-in-Chief, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland [406]

Lisa M. DeAngelis, MD

Professor of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College; Physician-in-Chief and Chief Medical Officer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [90]

Rafael de Cabo, PhD

Chief, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland [476]

Lucia De Franceschi, MD

Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy [100]

John Del Valle, MD

Professor and Vice Chair of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan [324]

David W. Denning, MBBS, FRCP, FRCPath, FMedSci

Professor of Infectious Diseases in Global Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom [217]

Akshay S. Desai, MD, MPH

Associated Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure, Advanced Heart Disease Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [258]

Robert J. Desnick, PhD, MD

Dean for Genetic and Genomic Medicine Emeritus; Professor and Chairman Emeritus, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York [416]

Betty Diamond, MD

The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health System; Center for Autoimmunity and Musculoskeletal Diseases, Manhasset, New York [355]

Marcelo F. Di Carli, MD

Professor, Department of Radiology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging; Executive Director, Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [241, A9]

Anna Mae Diehl, MD

Florence McAlister Professor of Medicine; Director, Duke Liver Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina [343]

Jules L. Dienstag, MD

Carl W. Walter Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [339–341, 345, A13]

William P. Dillon, MD

Professor and Executive Vice-Chair, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [423, A16]

Charles A. Dinarello, MD

Distinguished Professor of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado [18]

R. Christopher Doiron, MD, FRCS(C)

Assistant Professor, Queens University at Kingston Canada; Staff Urologist, Department of Urology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada [51]

Anuja Dokras, MD, PhD

Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [392, 393, 396]

Susan M. Domchek, MD

Basser Professor of Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [467]

Richard L. Doty, PhD

Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery; Director, Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [33]

Vanja C. Douglas, MD

Professor of Neurology and Sara and Evan Williams Foundation Endowed Neurohospitalist Chair, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [23, 441]

David F. Driscoll, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts [335]

Thomas D. DuBose, Jr., MD, MACP

Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina [55, S1]

J. Stephen Dumler, MD

Professor and Chairman, Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Joint Pathology Center, Bethesda, Maryland [187]

Andrea Dunaif, MD

Lillian and Henry M. Stratton Professor of Molecular Medicine, System Chief, Hilda and J. Lester Gabrilove Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York [398]

Samuel C. Durso, MD, MBA

Mason F. Lord Professor of Medicine; Executive Vice Chair, Johns Hopkins University Department of Medicine; Director, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland [36, A3]

Janice P. Dutcher, MD

Associate Director, Cancer Research Foundation of New York, Chappaqua, New York; Former Professor of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York [75]

Johanna T. Dwyer, DSc, RD

Professor of Medicine and Community Health, Tufts Medical School; Senior Nutrition Scientist (Contractor), Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Boston, Massachusetts [332]

Kim A. Eagle, MD

Albion Walter Hewett Professor of Internal Medicine; Professor of Health Management Policy, School of Public Health; Director, Samuel and Jean Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan [480]

Sarah Rae Easter, MD

Assistant Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School; Director of Obstetric Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [479]

James A. Eastham, MD

Chief, Urology Service; Peter T. Scardino Chair in Oncology, Department of Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [87]

Robert H. Eckel, MD

Professor of Medicine, Emeritus; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado [408]

John E. Edwards, Jr., MD

Distinguished Professor of Medicine Emeritus, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Senior Investigator, The Lundquist Institute and Emeritus Chief, Division of Infectious Disease at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California [211, 216]

David A. Ehrmann, MD

Professor of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology; Director, University of Chicago Center for PCOS, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [394]

Ramy H. Elshaboury, PharmD

Clinical Pharmacy Manager; Director, PGY2 Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Residency, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [144]

Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD

Chair, Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Levy University Professor, Perelman School of Medicine and Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [12]

Jack Ende, MD

The Schaeffer Professor of Medicine; Assistant Vice President, University of Pennsylvania Health System; Assistant Dean for Advanced Medical Practice, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [478]

John W. Engstrom, MD

Betty Anker Fife Distinguished Professor and Vice-Chairman; Neurology Residency Program Director, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [17, 440]

Moshe Ephros, MD

Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel [172]

Aaron C. Ermel, MD

Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana [198]

Tim Evans, DPhil, MD

Associate Dean and Director, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada [474]

Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD

Eli Lilly Professor of Pediatric Diabetes; Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine; Director of the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases; Director of Diabetes Research, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research; Indiana University School of Medicine; Staff Physician, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana [403]

Christopher H. Fanta, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Member, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Director, Partners Asthma Center, Boston, Massachusetts [38]

Paul E. Farmer, MD, PhD^‡

Kolokotrones University Professor, Harvard University; Chair, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Chief Strategist, Co-Founder, Partners In Health, Boston, Massachusetts [472, 475]

I. Sadaf Farooqi, PhD, FRCP, FMedSci, FRS

Professor of Metabolism and Medicine, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom [401]

Anthony S. Fauci, MD

Chief, Laboratory of Immunoregulation; Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [1, 5, 201, 202, 349, 350, 363, A14, S3]

David P. Faxon, MD

Senior Lecturer, Harvard Medical School; Associate Chief, Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [242, 276, A11]

David Feller-Kopman, MD

Professor of Medicine, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine; Section Chief, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire [299]

David T. Felson, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [371]

Howard L. Fields, MD, PhD

Professor, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [13]

Gregory A. Filice, MD

Staff Physician, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Professor of Medicine and Adjunct Professor of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota [174]

Robert W. Finberg, MD^‡

Richard M. Haidack Distinguished Professor of Medicine; Professor, Microbiology and Physiological Systems; Chair, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts [74, 143]

Courtney Finlayson, MD

Associate Professor, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [390]

Alain Fischer, MD, PhD

Imagine Institute; Professor at College de France, Paris, France [351, S6 edizione italiana]

Erik Fisher, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville; Director, Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Prisma Health-Update, Greenville, South Carolina [460]

Agnes B. Fogo, MD

John L. Shapiro Endowed Chair in Pathology; Professor of Pathology, Medicine and Pediatrics; Director, Renal Pathology/Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [A4]

Gregory K. Folkers, MS, MPH

Chief of Staff, Office of the Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [202]

Michael J. Fowler, MD^‡

Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine; Course Director, Physical Diagnosis; Medical Director, Glucose Management Service; Director of Clinical Skills Development in Undergraduate Medical Education, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee [404]

David M. Frazer, PhD

Associate Professor, Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia [414]

Jane E. Freedman, MD

Director, Division of Cardiology, Physician-in-Chief, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [117]

Roy Freeman, MD

Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Director, Center for Autonomic and Peripheral Nerve Disorders, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [21]

Lawrence S. Friedman, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine; The Anton R. Fried, MD Chair, Department of Medicine, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts; Assistant Chief of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [50]

Sonia Friedman, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [326]

Andre D. Furtado, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [A16]

Nicholas B. Galifianakis, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Neurology, Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Center Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [V1]

John I. Gallin, MD

Associate Director for Clinical Research; Chief Scientific Officer, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [64]

Karunesh Ganguly, MD, PhD

Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Neurology & Rehabilitation Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California [487]

Olivier Garraud, MD, PhD

Professor, INSERM 1059, University of Lyon, Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France [113]

Gregory M. Gauthier, MD

Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin [214]

Charlotte A. Gaydos, MS, MPH, DrPH

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland [189]

J. Michael Gaziano, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts [238]

Thomas A. Gaziano, MD, MSc

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Professor, Health Policy and Management, Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health; Director, Global Cardiovascular Health Policy and Prevention Unit, Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [238]

Susan L. Gearhart, MD

Associate Professor, Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland [328]

Jeffrey A. Gelfand, MD

Professor of Medicine (Part-Time), Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [225]

Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MAS, FAAN

Associate Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [23]

Lianne S. Gensler, MD

Professor of Medicine; Rheumatology Fellowship Program Director; Director, Spondyloarthritis Research Program and Clinic, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [362]

Alfred L. George, Jr., MD

Magerstadt Professor and Chair, Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [309]

Dale N. Gerding, MD

Research Physician, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois; Professor of Medicine (Retired), Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois [134]

Michael D. Geschwind, MD, PhD

Professor of Neurology; Michael J. Homer Chair in Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [438, V1]

Marc G. Ghany, MD, MHSc

Tenure-Track Investigator, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [336]

Lorenzo Giacani, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington [183]

Matthew P. Giannetti, MD

Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [354]

Michael Giladi, MD, MSc

Associate Professor of Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; Senior Physician, The Infectious Disease Unit; Director, The Bernard Pridan Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel [172]

Robert P. Giugliano, MD, SM, FACC, FAHA

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Investigator, TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [274]

Michael M. Givertz, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Medical Director, Heart Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory Support, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [257]

Roger I. Glass, MD, PhD

Director, Fogarty International Center; Associate Director for International Research National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [203]

Seth R. Glassman, MD

Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and the Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York [176]

Eli Glatstein, MD^‡

Professor Emeritus, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [S5]

Ronald S. Go, MD

Chair, Core/Consultative Hematology, Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota [317]

Peter J. Goadsby, MD, PhD, DSc, FRACP, FRCP, FMedSci

Professor, NIHR-Wellcome Trust King’s Clinical Research Facility, King’s College London, United Kingdom; Professor, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California [16, 430]

Hilary J. Goldberg, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Medical Director, Lung Transplant Program; Clinical Director, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [286, 298]

Marcia B. Goldberg, MD

Professor of Medicine and Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [120]

Ary L. Goldberger, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Wyss Institute for Biotechnology Inspired Engineering at Harvard University; Director, Margret and H.A. Rey Institute for Nonlinear Dynamics in Medicine; Associate Chief, Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [240, A7, A8]

David Goldblatt, MB, ChB, PhD

Professor of Vaccinology and Immunology, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom [146]

Samuel Z. Goldhaber, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Chief and Clinical Director, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Director, Thrombosis Research Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [279]

Andrea Gori, MD

Full Professor of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation; Co-Director, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan; Director, Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy [178]

Marga G.A. Goris, PhD, MSC

Head OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands [184]

Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, MD, PhD

Professor, Department of Neurology; Language Neurobiology Lab, Memory and Aging Center; Dyslexia Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [V2]

Daniel J. Gottlieb, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Sleep Medicine Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [297]

Peter A. Gottlieb, MD

Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado [389]

Gregory A. Grabowski, MD

Professor Emeritus, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Departments of Pediatrics, and Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio [418]

Yonatan H. Grad, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts [121]

Christine Grady, RN, PhD

Chief, Department of Bioethics, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland [11]

Francesc Graus, MD, PhD

Neuroimmunology Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain [94]

Steven A. Greenberg, MD

Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Associate Neurologist, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [365]

Steven M. Greenberg, MD, PhD

Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Vice Chair of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts [433]

Norton J. Greenberger, MD^‡

Clinical Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [346]

Daryl R. Gress, MD

Professor of Neurological Sciences; Director of Neurocritical Care, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska [307, 429]

Patricia M. Griffin, MD

Chief, Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [151]

Rasim Gucalp, MD, FACP

Professor of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Associate Chairman for Educational Programs, Department of Oncology; Director, Hematology/Oncology Fellowship, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York [75]

Kalpana Gupta, MD, MPH

Associate Chief of Staff and Chief, Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts; Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [135]

Chadi A. Hage, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana [212]

Bevra Hannahs Hahn, MD

Distinguished Professor of Medicine (Emeritus), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California [356]

Noah M. Hahn, MD

Associate Professor of Oncology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Johns Hopkins University Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Baltimore, Maryland [86]

Colin N. Haile, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine; Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas [456]

Janet E. Hall, MD

Clinical Director and Senior Investigator, Division of Intramural Research, NIH/NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina [392, 393, 396]

Scott A. Halperin, MD

Professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada [160]

Aidan Hampson, PhD

Program and Scientific Officer, Special Content Expert on Cannabis, Clinical Research Grants Branch, Division of Therapeutics & Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland [455]

R. Doug Hardy, MD

ID Specialists, Dallas, Texas [188]

Nigil Haroon, MD, PhD, DM, FRCPC

Associate Professor of Medicine and Rheumatology, University of Toronto; Clinician Scientist and Attending Physician, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital; Scientist, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [362]

Phil A. Hart, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine; Director, Section of Pancreatic Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio [347, 348]

William L. Hasler, MD

Professor, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan [45, 321]

Stephen L. Hauser, MD

Robert A. Fishman Distinguished Professor, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Director, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, San Francisco, California [1, 5, 24, 25, 28, 422, 424, 441, 442, 444, 445, 447, S7 edizione italiana]

Thomas R. Hawn, MD, PhD

Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington [159]

Daniel F. Hayes, MD, FASCO, FACP

Stuart B. Padnos Professor of Breast Cancer Research, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan [79]

Barton F. Haynes, MD

Director, Duke Human Vaccine Institute; Frederic M. Hanes Professor of Medicine; Professor of Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina [349, 350]

J. Claude Hemphill, III, MD, MAS

Professor of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco; Chief, Neurology Service, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California [307, 426–429]

Dirk M. Hentschel, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director of Interventional Nephrology, Brigham Health; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [320]

Katherine A. High, MD

Professor Emerita, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania; President, Therapeutics, Asklepios BioPharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [470]

Christine E. Hill-Kayser, MD

Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [S5]

Ikuo Hirano, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [44, 323]

Martin S. Hirsch, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [195]

Dieter Hoelzer, PhD, MD

Emeritus Director of Internal Medicine, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany [106]

A. Victor Hoffbrand, DM

Emeritus Professor of Haematology, University College, London, United Kingdom [99]

L. John Hoffer, MD, PhD

Professor, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University; Senior Physician, Divisions of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada [335]

Charles W. Hoge, MD

Senior Scientist, Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland [S7]

Steven M. Holland, MD

Scientific Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Distinguished NIH Investigator, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [64, 180]

King K. Holmes, MD, PhD

Professor Emeritus, Global Health; Professor Emeritus, Medicine – Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Director, Research and Faculty Development, Department of Global Health; Co-Director, Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington – Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; PI, International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), University of Washington – University of California San Francisco; Director, Center for AIDS and STD, University of Washington; Infectious Disease Section Head, Harborview Medical Center; Member, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fogarty International Center Council; Member, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Council or Councils, Seattle, Washington [136]

David Hong, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Division of Allergy & Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [353]

Jay H. Hoofnagle, MD

Director, Liver Diseases Research Branch, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [336]

David C. Hooper, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Infection Control Unit, and Associate Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [144, 145]

Robert J. Hopkin, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati, Ohio [418]

Leora Horn, MD, MSc

Associate Professor, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee [78]

Jonathan C. Horton, MD, PhD

William F. Hoyt Professor of Neuro-ophthalmology, Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California [32, V3]

Howard Hu, MD, MPH, ScD

Professor & Flora L. Thornton Chair, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California [458]

Deborah T. Hung, MD, PhD

Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Co-Director, Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts [121]

Gary M. Hunninghake, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [293]

Stephen C. Hunt, MD, MPH

National Director, VA Post-Deployment Integrated Care Initiative; Clinical Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington [S7]

Wade T. Iams, MD, MSCI

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [78]

Ashraf S. Ibrahim, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles; Senior Investigator and Vice Chair, Board of Directors, Director of the Graduate Studies Program, The Lindquist Institute at Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California [216, 218]

David H. Ingbar, MD

Professor, Medicine, Pediatrics and Integrative Biology and Physiology; Director, Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Division; CTSI Associate Director, Education, Career Development and Training; Executive Director, Center for Lung Science and Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota [305]

Elliot Israel, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Gloria M. and Anthony C. Simboli Distinguished Chair in Asthma Research; Director of Clinical Research, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Allergy and Immunology Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [287]

Elias Jabbour, MD

Professor, Section Chief, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia, Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [105]

Alan C. Jackson, MD

Professor of Medicine (Neurology), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada [208]

Yves Jackson, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland [227]

Danny O. Jacobs, MD, MPH, FACS

President, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon [15, 330, 331]

Caron A. Jacobson, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts [108, 109]

Rajesh K. Jain, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [412]

J. Larry Jameson, MD, PhD

Robert G. Dunlop Professor of Medicine; Dean, Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine; Executive Vice President, University of Pennsylvania for the Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [1, 5, 47, 93, 376–380, 382–385, 390, 391, 466, 467, A15]

Gordon L. Jensen, MD, PhD

Senior Associate Dean for Research; Professor of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont [334]

Savio John, MD

Chief of Gastroenterology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York [49]

James R. Johnson, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota [161]

Stuart Johnson, MD

Professor of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois; Staff Physician, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois [134]

S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD

Professor of Neurology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas [426–428]

S. Andrew Josephson, MD

Professor and Chairman, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [27, 28, 307, 422, V4]

Sandeep S. Jubbal, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts [141]

Harald Jüppner, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, Endocrine Unit and Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [410]

Joseph Kado, MBBS, DCH, MMed

University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia; Clinical Research Officer, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia [359]

Peter J. Kahrilas, MD

Gilbert H. Marquardt Professor of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [44, 323]

Stephen G. Kaler, MD

CAPT, US Public Health Service (Ret); Professor of Pediatrics and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Principal Investigator, Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio [415]

Gail Kang, MD

Private Practice, Berkeley, California [V1]

Hagop Kantarjian, MD

Chairman, Leukemia Department; Professor of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [105]

Hemanta K. Kar, MBBS, MD, MAMS

Professor and Head, Department of Dermatology, STD and Leprosy, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India [179]

Adolf W. Karchmer, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Emeritus Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [128]

Dennis L. Kasper, MD

William Ellery Channing Professor of Medicine and Professor of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [1, 5, 119, 132, 177, 471]

Daniel L. Kastner, MD, PhD

Scientific Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [369]

Carol A. Kauffman, MD

Chief, Infectious Diseases Section, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System; Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan [219]

Elaine T. Kaye, MD

Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [19, A1]

Kenneth M. Kaye, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [19, A1]

John F. Keaney, Jr., MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Co-Executive Director, Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [237]

David Kelsen, MD

Professor of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College; Edward S. Gordon Chair in Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [80]

John A. Kessler, MD

Davee Professor of Stem Cell Biology, Davee Department of Neurology; Director, Northwestern University Stem Cell Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [484]

Maryam Ali Khan, MD

Research Scholar, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California [329]

Sundeep Khosla, MD

Dr. Francis Chucker and Nathan Landow Research Professor; Mayo Foundation Distinguished Investigator, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota [54]

Kiran K. Khush, MD, MAS

Professor of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California [490]

Anthony A. Killeen, MD, PhD

Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota [S8 edizione italiana]

Kami Kim, MD

Andor Szentivanyi Professor of Medicine; Director, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida [228]

Priya S. Kishnani, MD

C.L. and Su Chen Professor of Pediatrics; Medical Director, YT and Alice Chen Pediatrics Genetics and Genomics Center; Division Chief, Medical Genetics; Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina [419]

Bruce S. Klein, MD

Gerard B. Odell Professor and Shirley S. Matchette Professor; Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin [214]

Christine Klein, MD

Professor of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Institute of Neurogenetics and Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany [436]

David M. Knipe, PhD

Higgins Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; Head, Program in Virology, Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [190]

Isaac S. Kohane, MD, PhD

Marion V. Nelson Professor and Chair, Biomedical Informatics; Harvard Medical School; Faculty Member, Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [488]

Barbara A. Konkle, MD

Professor of Medicine/Hematology, University of Washington; Scientific Director, Washington Center for Bleeding Disorders, Seattle, Washington [65, 115]

Bruce A. Koplan, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Electrophysiology Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [243–245]

Peter Kopp, MD

Professor of Medicine/Médecin Chef, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Adjunct Professor, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [466]

Walter J. Koroshetz, MD

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [139]

Thomas R. Kosten, MD

J. H. Waggoner Professor of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas [456]

Theodore A. Kotchen, MD^‡

Professor Emeritus, Associate Dean for Clinical Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin [277]

Camille Nelson Kotton, MD, FIDSA, FAST

Clinical Director, Transplant and Immunocompromised Host Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [195]

Barnett S. Kramer, MD, MPH, FACP

Director, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland [70]

Joel Kramer, PsyD

John Douglas French Alzheimer’s Foundation Endowed Professor of Neuropsychology in Neurology; Director of Neuropsychology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [V2]

Arnold R. Kriegstein, MD, PhD

Professor of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [424]

Somashekar G. Krishna, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio [347, 348]

Henry M. Kronenberg, MD

Professor of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [409]

Jens H. Kuhn, MD, PhD, MS

Principal Scientist and Director of Virology, NIH/NIAID/DCR/Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland [209, 210]

Matthew H. Kulke, MD

Zoltan Kohn Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Chief, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston Medical Center; Co-Director, Boston University–Boston Medical Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts [84]

Sebastian G. Kurz, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York [181]

Robert F. Kushner, MD

Professor of Medicine and Medical Education, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [402]

Raymond Y. Kwong, MD, MPH, FACC

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [241, A9]

Loren Laine, MD

Professor of Medicine; Chief, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut [48]

Neal K. Lakdawala, MD, MSc

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [259]

Anil K. Lalwani, MD

Associate Dean for Student Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons; Professor and Vice Chair for Research; Co-Director, Columbia Cochlear Implant Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons; Medical Director of Perioperative Services, New York Presbyterian–Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York [34]

Michael J. Landzberg, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [269]

H. Clifford Lane, MD

Clinical Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [202, S3]

Helene M. Langevin, MD

Director, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [482]

Carol A. Langford, MD, MHS

Harold C. Schott Endowed Chair; Director, Center for Vasculitis Care and Research, Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio [363, 366, 374, 375, A14]

Regina C. LaRocque, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [133]

Leslie P. Lawley, MD

Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia [57]

Thomas J. Lawley, MD

William Patterson Timmie Professor of Dermatology, Former Dean, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia [56, 59, A5]

David G. Le Couteur, MD, PhD

Professor of Geriatric Medicine, University of Sydney; Senior Staff Geriatrician, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia [476]

Sancy A. Leachman, MD, PhD

John D. Gray Endowed Chair in Melanoma Research; Professor & Chair, Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Health & Healing, Portland, Oregon [76]

William M. Lee, MD

Professor of Internal Medicine; Meredith Mosle Chair in Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas [340]

Charles Lei, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [460]

Jane A. Leopold, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Women’s Interventional Cardiology Health Initiative, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [242, A11]

Jessica Leung, MPH

Epidemiologist, Viral Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [207]

Nelson Leung, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota [317]

Jonathan S. Leventhal, MD

Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut [58]

Bruce D. Levy, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [284, 301]

Julia B. Lewis, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [314]

Peter Libby, MD

Mallinckrodt Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [A10]

Richard W. Light, MD, FCCP^‡

Professor of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [294, 295]

Jin-Mann S. Lin, PhD

Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Zoonotic and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [450]

Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH, FACP

Michael A. Gertz Professor of Medicine and Chief, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [35]

Robert Lindsay, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Chief, Internal Medicine; Attending Physician, Helen Hayes Hospital, West Haverstraw, New York [411]

Michail S. Lionakis, MD, ScD

Chief, Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [211, 216]

Marc E. Lippman, MD, MACP, FRCP

Professor of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC [79]

Peter E. Lipsky, MD

Charlottesville, Virginia [355]

Irene Litvan, MD, MSc, FAAN, FANA

Tasch Endowed Professor in Parkinson Disease Research; Director of the Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California [434]

Eva S. Liu, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [409]

Kathleen D. Liu, MD, PhD, MAS

Professor, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [312]

Josep M. Llovet, MD, PhD

Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clínic Liver Cancer Group (BCLC), Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain [82]

Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, MD, ScM, FACC, FAHA

Eileen M. Foell Professor of Heart Research; Professor of Preventive Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics; Chair, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; President, American Heart Association 2021–22, Chicago, Illinois [2]

Bernard Lo, MD

Professor of Medicine Emeritus and Director Emeritus of the Program in Medical Ethics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; President Emeritus, The Greenwall Foundation, New York, New York [11]

George Loewenstein, PhD

Herbert A. Simon Professor of Economics and Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [481]

Dan L. Longo, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Deputy Editor, New England Journal of Medicine,Boston, Massachusetts [1, 5, 62, 63, 66, 69, 72, 73, 93, 95, 96, 101, 108–111, 201, A6]

Nicola Longo, MD, PhD

Professor and Chief, Division of Medical Genetics, Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, Nutrition, and Integrated Physiology; Medical Co-Director, Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, ARUP Laboratories, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah [420, 421]

Lenny López, MD, MPH, MDiv

Professor of Medicine, University of California San Francisco; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California [10]

Joseph Loscalzo, MD, PhD

Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chairman, Department of Medicine, Soma Weiss MD Distinguished Chair in Medicine, Physician-in-Chief, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [1, 5, 40–43, 117, 236, 237, 239, 259, 261–268, 270, 273, 275, 280–283, 486, 492]

Daniel H. Lowenstein, MD

Dr. Robert B. and Mrs. Ellinor Aird Professor of Neurology; Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [422, 425, V6]

Elyse E. Lower, MD

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio [367]

Franklin D. Lowy, MD

Clyde ’56 and Helen Wu Professor Emeritus of Medicine and Professor Emeritus of Pathology and Cell Biology (in Epidemiology), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York [147]

Sheila A. Lukehart, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington [182, 183]

Carolina Lúquez, PhD

Team Lead, National Botulism and Enteric Toxins Team, Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [153]

Lucio Luzzatto, MD, FRCP, FRCPath

Professor of Haematology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania; Honorary Professor of Hematology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy [100]

Calum A. MacRae, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Vice Chair for Scientific Innovation, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [237]

Lawrence C. Madoff, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Medical Director, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Hinton State Laboratory Institute, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts [130, 141]

Barry J. Make, MD

Co-Director, COPD Program; Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado [292]

Mahmoud Malas, MD, MHS, RPVI, FACS

Professor in Residence; Vice Chair of Surgery for Clinical Research; Chief Division Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Diego, Health System, La Jolla, California [329]

Fransiska Malfait, MD, PhD

Associate Professor, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital and Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [413]

Hari R. Mallidi, MD

Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [298]

Susan J. Mandel, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine; Chief, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [382–385]

Brian F. Mandell, MD, PhD

Professor and Chairman of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio [374]

Lionel A. Mandell, MD, FRCPC

Professor Emeritus of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada [126]

Geoffrey T. Manley, MD, PhD

Professor and Vice Chairman of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco; Chief of Neurosurgery, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center; Co-Director, Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [443]

Arjun K. Manrai, PhD

Assistant Professor, Harvard Medical School; Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [488]

JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH

Professor of Medicine and the Michael and Lee Bell Professor of Women’s Health, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [395]

Joan C. Marini, MD, PhD

Senior Investigator; Head, Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [413]

Daniel B. Mark, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Director, Outcomes Research, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina [4]

Mariel Marlow, PhD, MPH

Mumps Program Lead, Viral Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [207]

Alexander G. Marneros, MD, PhD

Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School; Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [61]

Bradley A. Maron, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [283]

Jeanne M. Marrazzo, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine; Director, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama [136]

Gary J. Martin, MD

Raymond J. Langenbach, MD Professor of Medicine; Senior Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois [6]

Anthony F. Massaro, MD

Instructor, Harvard Medical School; Director, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [300, 303]

Henry Masur, MD

Chief, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland [220]

Max Maurin, MD, PhD

Professor of Bacteriology, Université Grenoble Alpes; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France [170]

Marcela V. Maus, MD, PhD

Director, Cell Therapy Program; Paula O’Keefe Endowed Chair, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Hematopoietic Cell Transplant & Cell Therapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Member, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Associate Member, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Charlestown, Massachusetts [470]

Clio P. Mavragani, MD

Rheumatologist, Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece [357, 361]

Robert J. Mayer, MD

Faculty Vice President for Academic Affairs, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Stephen B. Kay Family Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [81]

Jared R. Mayers, MD, PhD

Research Fellow in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [489]

Sarah Mbaeyi, MD, MPH

Medical Officer, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [123]

Alexander J. McAdam, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Medical Director, Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [S9 edizione italiana]

Calvin O. McCall, MD

Dermatology Section, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia [A5]

Zachary B. R. McClain, MD

Attending Physician, Gender and Sexuality Development Clinic; Medical Director, Young Men’s Clinic, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [400]

John F. McConville, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine; Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Vice Chair for Education, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [296]

Michael McCrea, PhD, ABPP

Professor and Eminent Scholar; Vice Chair of Research; Co-Director, Center for Neurotrauma Research (CNTR), Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin [443]

Kathleen M. McKibbin, MD

Staff Physician, Northwestern University Health Services, Evanston, Illinois [2]

Maureen McMahon, MD, MCR

Associate Chief; Associate Professor, Division of Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California [356]

Kevin T. McVary, MD, FACS

Director of the Center for Male Health; Professor of Urology, Department of Urology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois [397]

John N. Mecchella, DO, MPH

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire [417]

Mandeep R. Mehra, MD, MSc, FRCP (London)

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; The William Harvey Distinguished Chair in Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine; Executive Director, Center for Advanced Heart Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [257, 258, 260]

Sanjay R. Mehta, MD, DTM&H, D(ABMM)

Associate Professor of Medicine and Pathology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California [S10 edizione italiana]

Shlomo Melmed, MBChB, MACP, FRCP

Executive Vice President and Dean of the Medical Faculty; Professor of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California [378–380]

Robert O. Messing, MD

Professor and Chair of Neuroscience; Professor of Neurology; Director, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas [451]

Nancy Messonnier, MD

Executive Director for Pandemic Prevention and Health Systems, Skoll Foundation, Palo Alto, California [123]

M.-Marsel Mesulam, MD

Ruth Dunbar Davee Professor of Neuroscience and Neurology, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [30]

Robert G. Micheletti, MD

Associate Professor of Dermatology and Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [60]

Aaron W. Michels, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Immunology, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado [389]

Susan Miesfeldt, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine; Medical Oncology, Medical Director, Cancer Risk and Prevention Program, Maine Medical Center Cancer Institute, Scarborough, Maine [467]

Bruce L. Miller, MD

A. W. and Mary Margaret Clausen Distinguished Professor of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California [27, 29, 431, 432, 434, V2]

Samuel I. Miller, MD

Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington [165]

William R. Miller, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Hospital, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas [149]

Jyoti Mishra, PhD

Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California [487]

Hana Mitchell, MD, MSC

Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada [3]

Simon J. Mitchell, MBChB, PhD, FUHM, FANZCA

Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland and Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand [463]

Babak Mokhlesi, MD, MSc

The J. Bailey Carter, MD Professor of Medicine; Chief, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Co-Director, Rush Lung Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois [296]

Thomas A. Moore, MD, FACP, FIDSA

Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita Campus, Wichita, Kansas [222]

Richard I. Morimoto, PhD

Bill and Gayle Cook Professor of Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois [491]

Alison Morris, MD, MS

Chief, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; Professor of Medicine; UPMC Chair of Translational Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Director, University of Pittsburgh Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [220]

David A. Morrow, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Samuel A. Levine Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [14]

William J. Moss, MD, MPH

Professor, Departments of Epidemiology, International Health, and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland [205]

Robert J. Motzer, MD

Jack and Dorothy Byrne Chair in Clinical Oncology, Kidney Cancer Section Head; Attending Physician, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [85]

David B. Mount, MD, FRCPC

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Clinical Chief and Director, Dialysis Services Renal Divisions, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and VA Boston Healthcare System; Boston, Massachusetts [52, 53, S1]

Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos, MD, FACP, FRCP(hc), Master ACR

Professor, Chair Medical Sciences-Immunology, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece [357, 361]

Catharina M. Mulders-Manders, MD, PhD

Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [20]

L. Silvia Munoz-Price, MD, PhD

Chief Quality and Safety Officer, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia [162]

Nikhil C. Munshi, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston VA Healthcare System; Director of Basic and Correlative Sciences; Associate Director, Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts [111]

Naoka Murakami, MD, PhD

Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [313]

John R. Murphy, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [150]

Timothy F. Murphy, MD

SUNY Distinguished Professor; Director, UB Clinical and Translational Science Institute; Senior Associate Dean for Clinical and Translational Research, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York [157]

Barbara E. Murray, MD

J. Ralph Meadows Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases; Professor, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas [149]

Joseph A. Murray, MD

Professor of Medicine, Departments of Internal Medicine and Immunology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota [46]

Mark B. Mycyk, MD

Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chair of Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois [459]

Avindra Nath, MD

Chief, Section of Infections of the Nervous System; Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [139]

Edward T. Naureckas, MD

Professor of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [285]

Eric G. Neilson, MD

Vice President for Medical Affairs; Lewis Landsberg Dean Professor of Medicine and Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [309, 314, A4]

Tuhina Neogi, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine and Chief of Rheumatology, Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine; Professor of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts [371]

Eric J. Nestler, MD, PhD

Nash Family Professor, Department of Neuroscience; Director, Friedman Brain Institute; Dean for Academic and Scientific Affairs, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York [451]

Hartmut P. H. Neumann, MD

Unit for Preventive Medicine, Department of Nephrology and General Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany [387]

Kathleen M. Neuzil, MD, MPH

Director, Center for Vaccine Development & Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [200]

Jonathan Newmark, MD, MM

Colonel (Retired), Medical Corps, US Army; Adjunct Professor, Neurology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Clinical Assistant Professor, Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Neurology, Washington DC Veterans’ Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC; Senior Medical Advisor, Office of Biodefense Research and Surety, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland [S4]

J. Curtis Nickel, MD, FRCS(C)

Professor, Department of Urology, Queen’s University at Kingston; Staff Urologist, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada [51]

Michael S. Niederman, MD

Professor of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York [126]

Kevin D. Niswender, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [403]

Scott A. Norton, MD, MPH, MSc

Professor of Dermatology and Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Chief of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC [461]

Emily Nosova, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine and Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York [398]

Thomas B. Nutman, MD

Head, Helminth Immunology Section; Head, Clinical Parasitology Section; Chief, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [232, 233]

Katherine L. O’Brien, MD, MPH

Director, IVB, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland [146]

Max R. O’Donnell, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Medicine & Epidemiology, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine & Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York [181]

Nigel O’Farrell, MD, FRCP

Pasteur Suite Ealing Hospital, London, United Kingdom [173]

Jennifer Ogar, MS, CCC-SLP

Speech-Language Pathologist, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [V2]

Patrick T. O’Gara, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Watkins Family Distinguished Chair in Cardiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [42, 239, 261–268]

C. Warren Olanow, MD, FRCPC, FRCP(hon)

Professor and Chairman Emeritus, Department of Neurology; Professor Emeritus, Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; CEO, Clintrex, LLC [435, 436]

Stephen O’Rahilly, MD, FRS, FMedSci

Professor of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine and Director of the MRC Metabolic Disease Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom [401]

Joseph G. Ouslander, MD

Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida [477]

Chung Owyang, MD

H. Marvin Pollard Professor of Internal Medicine; Professor of Molecular and Integrative Physiology; Chief, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Director, Pollard Institute for Medical Research; University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan [321, 327]

Umesh D. Parashar, MBBS, MPH

Chief, Viral Gastroenteritis Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [203]

Shreyaskumar R. Patel, MD

Robert R. Herring Distinguished Professor of Medicine; Center Medical Director, Sarcoma Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [91]

Gustav Paumgartner, MD

Professor Emeritus of Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany [346]

David A. Pegues, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [165]

Steven A. Pergam, MD, MPH

Associate Professor, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Allery & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington; Medical Director, Infection Prevention, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington [159]

Karran A. Phillips, MD, MSc

Clinical Director, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland [457]

Richard J. Pollack, PhD

Senior Environmental Public Health Officer, Department of Environmental Health and Safety, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts [461]

Martin R. Pollak, MD

George C. Reisman Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [315]

Sir Andrew J. Pollard, BSc, MA, MBBS, MRCP(UK), FRCPCH, PhD, DIC, FHEA, FIDSA, FMedSci

Professor of Paediatric Infection and Immunity, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford; Children’s Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom [155]

Nongnooch Poowanawittayakom, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy, and Immunology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri [130]

Reuven Porat, MD

Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tel Aviv Souarsky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel [18]

John T. Potts, Jr., MD

Jackson Distinguished Professor of Clinical Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director of Research and Physician-in-Chief Emeritus, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [410]

Lawrie W. Powell, AC, MD, PhD

Professor Emeritus, The University of Queensland and the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Queensland, Australia [414]

Alvin C. Powers, MD

Joe C. Davis Chair in Biomedical Science; Professor of Medicine, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Director, Vanderbilt Diabetes Center; Chief, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [403–405]

Daniel S. Pratt, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Clinical Director, Liver Transplantation; Director, Autoimmune and Cholestatic Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [49, 337, 346]

Michael B. Prentice, MBChB, PhD, FRCP(UK), FRCPath, FFPRCPI

Professor of Medical Microbiology, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland [171]

Stanley B. Prusiner, MD

Director, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Professor, Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco; Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [424, 438]

Thomas C. Quinn, MD, MSc

Professor of Medicine and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Director, Johns Hopkins Center for Global Health, Baltimore, Maryland [189]

Gil D. Rabinovici, MD

Ed Fein and Pearl Landrith Distinguished Professor, Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [29, 431, V2]

Daniel J. Rader, MD

Seymour Gray Professor of Molecular Medicine; Chair, Department of Genetics; Chief, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [407]

Kanwal Raghav, MBBS, MD

Associate Professor, GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [92]

Kaitlin Rainwater-Lovett, PhD, MPH

Senior Staff Scientist, Asymmetric Operations Sector, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland [205]

Sanjay Ram, MBBS

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts [156]

Prashanth S. Ramachandran, MBBS

Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [S2]

Reuben Ramphal, MD

Courtesy Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida [164]

Kathryn Moynihan Ramsey, PhD

Research Assistant Professor, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois [485]

Vikram R. Rao, MD, PhD

Distinguished Professor in Neurology; Associate Professor of Clinical Neurology; Chief, Epilepsy Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [425]

Didier Raoult, MD, PhD

Emeritus Professor, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France [170]

Kumanan Rasanathan, MBChB, MPH, FAFPHM

Unit Head, Equity and Health (EQH), Department of Social Determinants of Health (SDH), World Health Organization, Phnom Penh, Cambodia [474]

James P. Rathmell, MD

Leroy D. Vandam Professor of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School; Chair, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [13]

Mario C. Raviglione, MD, FRCP (UK), FERS, Hon RSP (RF)

Full Professor of Global Health; Co-Director, Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy [178]

Divya Reddy, MBBS, MPH

Associate Professor of Medicine; Program Director, Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship; Medical Director, Bronchiectasis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) Disease Program, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York [181]

Susan Redline, MD, MPH

Peter C. Farrell Professor of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, Massachusetts [297]

Sharon L. Reed, MD, MScCTM

Professor of Pathology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California [221, 223, S10 edizione italiana]

Susan E. Reef, MD

Medical Epidemiologist, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [206]

Michael Regner, MD

Neuroradiology Clinical Instructor, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [A16]

Victor I. Reus, MD

Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, San Francisco, California [452]

Bernardo Reyes, MD

Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida [477]

Joseph J. Rhatigan, MD

Associate Chief, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts [472]

Peter A. Rice, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts [156]

Eugene T. Richardson, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [475]

Jan H. Richardus, MD, PhD

Professor of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands [179]

Michael R. Rickels, MD, MS

Willard and Rhoda Ware Professor in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [404, 405]

Elizabeth Robbins, MD

Clinical Professor, Pediatrics, Emeritus, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [S7 edizione italiana]

Gary L. Robertson, MD

Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois [381]

Dan M. Roden, MD

Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee [67, 68]

James A. Romano, Jr., PhD, DABT, ATS

Principal Senior Life Scientist Advisor, Tunnell Government Services, Inc., Rockville, Maryland [S4]

Karen L. Roos, MD

John and Nancy Nelson Professor of Neurology; Professor of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana [137, 138, 140]

Allan H. Ropper, MD, FRCP, FACP

Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Deputy Editor, New England Journal of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [28]

Rossana Rosa, MD

Infectious Diseases Consultant, UnityPoint Clinic, Des Moines, Iowa [162]

Ivan O. Rosas, MD

Professor and Section Chief, Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas [293]

Mark Roschewski, MD

Clinical Director, Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [95]

Misha Rosenbach, MD

Associate Professor, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [60]

Roger N. Rosenberg, MD

Zale Distinguished Chair and Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas [439]

Myrna R. Rosenfeld, MD, PhD

Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Spain; Adjunct Professor, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [94]

Deborah C. Rubin, MD

Professor of Medicine and of Developmental Biology; Associate Chair for Faculty Affairs and Director, Womens’ GI Committee, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri [325]

Thomas A. Russo, MD, CM

SUNY Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Jacobs School of Medicine and the Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York [161, 175, 176]

George W. Rutherford, MD

Professor of Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics and History, and Head, Division of Infectious Disease and Global Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [473]

Edward T. Ryan, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Director, Global Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [168]

Manish Sadarangani, MA, BM, BCh, DPhil

Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia; Director, Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada [155]

David J. Salant, MD

Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Chief, Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [316]

Richard B. Saltman, PhD

Professor of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia [7]

Blossom Samuels, MD

Attending, Westchester Medical Center; Clinical Assistant Professor, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York [411]

Martin A. Samuels, MD, DSc (hon), FACP, FAAN, FRCP, FANA

Miriam Sydney Joseph Distinguished Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Founding Chair Emeritus, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [V7]

Vaishali Sanchorawala, MD

Professor of Medicine; Director, Amyloidosis Center; Director, Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [112]

Philippe J. Sansonetti, MD

Professor, Collège de France; Emeritus Professor, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France [166]

Clifford B. Saper, MD, PhD

James Jackson Putnam Professor of Neurology and Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [31]

William H. Sauer, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Section Chief, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [243–256, 306]

Edward A. Sausville, MD, PhD

National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (Retired); Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland [73]

David T. Scadden, MD

Gerald and Darlene Jordan Professor of Medicine; Chair Emeritus and Professor, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University; Director, Center for Regenerative Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital, Co-director, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts [96]

Thomas E. Scammell, MD

Professor, Harvard Medical School; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [31]

Anthony H. V. Schapira, MD, DSc, FRCP, FMedSci

Head and Professor, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology; Director of UCL Royal Free Campus; Vice-Dean UCL, London, United Kingdom [435]

Howard I. Scher, MD, FASCO

Professor of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine College; D. Wayne Calloway Chair in Urologic Oncology; Head, Biomarker Development Program, Office of the Physician in Chief; Member and Attending Physician, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [87]

Gordon Schiff, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Director, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Center Patient Safety Research; Quality and Safety Director, HMS Center for Primary Care, Boston, Massachusetts [9]

Scott Schissel, MD, PhD

Chief of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts [302]

Bernd Schnabl, MD

Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California [342]

Marc A. Schuckit, MD

Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego Medical School, La Jolla, California [453]

William W. Seeley, MD

Professor of Neurology and Pathology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [29, 431–434]

Florencia Pereyra Segal, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [141]

Julian L. Seifter, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Distinguished Nephrologist, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [308, 319]

Jaime Sepúlveda, MD, MPH, MSc, DrSc

Haile T. Debas Distinguished Professor of Global Health; Executive Director, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [473]

Christopher W. Seymour, MD, MSc

Associate Professor of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, The CRISMA Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [304]

Majid Shafiq, MD, MPH

Medical Director, Interventional Pulmonology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [286]

Ankoor Shah, MD

Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina [358]

Erica S. Shenoy, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Chief, Infection Control Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [144]

Kanade Shinkai, MD, PhD

Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [60]

Edwin K. Silverman, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chief, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [292]

Shakti Singh, MSc, PhD

Research Scientist, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California [216]

Karl Skorecki, MD, FCRPC, FASN

Dean, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel [311, 468]

Wade S. Smith, MD, PhD

Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [307, 426–429]

Jeremy Sobel, MD, MPH

Associate Director for Epidemiologic Science, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [153]

Kelly A. Soderberg, PhD

Chief of Staff, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina [349, 350]

Scott D. Solomon, MD

The Edward D. Frohlich Distinguished Chair; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [241, A9]

Julian Solway, MD

Walter L. Palmer Distinguished Service Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics; Dean for Translational Medicine, Biological Sciences Division; Vice Chair for Research, Department of Medicine; Chair, Committee on Molecular Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [285, 296]

Eric J. Sorscher, MD

Hertz Endowed Professorship, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia [291]

Brad Spellberg, MD

Professor of Clinical Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California; Chief Medical Officer, Los Angeles County + University of Southern California (LAC + USC) Medical Center, Los Angeles, California [218]

Jerry L. Spivak, MD

Professor of Medicine and Oncology, Hematology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [103]

David Spriggs, MD, FACP, FASCO

Faculty Member, Harvard Medical School; Program Director of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts [89]

E. William St. Clair, MD

W. Lester Brooks, Jr. Professor of Medicine; Professor of Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina [358]

John M. Stafford, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, Tennessee [405]

Matthew W. State, MD, PhD

Oberndorf Family Distinguished Professor; Chair, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; President, Langley Porter Psychiatric Hospital and Clinics, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [451]

Allen C. Steere, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [186]

Martin H. Steinberg, MD

Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [98]

Dennis L. Stevens, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Director, Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Emerging/Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Boise Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, Idaho [129, 154]

Lynne Warner Stevenson, MD

Professor of Medicine; Program Director, Advanced Heart Failure Fellowship Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee [259]

Benjamin K. Stoff, MD, MAB

Associate Professor of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine; Senior Faculty Fellow, Emory Center for Ethics, Atlanta, Georgia [A5]

John H. Stone, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; The Edward Fox Chair in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [368]

Shyam Sundar, MD

Distinguished Professor, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India [226]

Neeraj K. Surana, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Immunology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina [18, 119, 177, 471]

Paolo M. Suter, MD, MS

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland [333]

Robert A. Swerlick, MD

Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia [57]

Geoffrey Tabin, MD

Director, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California [462]

Maria Carmela Tartaglia, MD

Associate Professor, Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [V2]

Joel D. Taurog, MD

Professor of Internal Medicine (Retired), Rheumatic Diseases Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas [362]

Usha B. Tedrow, MD, MSc

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Fellowship; Clinical Director, Ventricular Arrhythmia Program, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [252–256]

Ayalew Tefferi, MD

Barbara Woodward Lips Professor of Medicine and Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota [110]

Stephen C. Textor, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota [278]

R. V. Thakker, MD, ScD, FRCP, FRCPath, FRS, FMedSci

May Professor of Medicine, Academic Endocrine Unit, University of Oxford; O.C.D.E.M., Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom [388]

Holger Thiele, MD

Full Professor of Internal Medicine/Cardiology; Director, Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany [305]

C. Louise Thwaites, MBBS, BSc, MD

Clinical Research Fellow, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Clinical Lecturer, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom [152]

Pierre Tiberghien, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon; Senior Advisor, Etablissement Français du Sang, Paris, France [113]

Zelig A. Tochner, MD

Professor Emeritus of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [S5]

Karina A. Top, MD, MSc

Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada [160]

Mark Topazian, MD

Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota [322, V5]

Camilo Toro, MD

Director, Adult NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [492]

Barbara W. Trautner, MD, PhD

Professor, Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine; Investigator, Houston VA Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (IQuESt), Houston, Texas [135]

Katherine L. Tuttle, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy/Immunology; Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology (SMD), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York [352]

Kenneth L. Tyler, MD

Louise Baum Endowed Chair and Chairman of Neurology; Professor of Medicine and Immunology-Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Neurologist, Rocky Mountain VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado [137, 138, 140]

Elizabeth R. Unger, PhD, MD

Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Zoonotic and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [450]

Prashant Vaishnava, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine; Director of Quality Assurance and Inpatient Services, Mount Sinai Heart, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York [480]

Anne Marie Valente, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School; Director, Boston Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [269]

Wim H. van Brakel, MD, MSc, PhD

Medical Director, NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands [179]

Jos W. M. van der Meer, MD, PhD

Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [20]

Mathew G. Vander Heiden, MD, PhD

Professor and Director, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts [489]

Edouard Vannier, PharmD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [225]

Gauri R. Varadhachary, MD

Professor, GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [92]

John Varga, MD

Frederick Huetwell Professor; Chief, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan [360]

David J. Vaughn, MD

Genitourinary Medical Oncology Professor, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [88]

Birgitte Jyding Vennervald, MD, MSA

Professor, Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark [234]

John T. Vetto, MD, FACS

Professor of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology; Director, Cutaneous Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University; Program Leader, Melanoma Disease Site Team, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon [76]

Luciano Villarinho, MD

Neuroradiologist, South County Hospital, Wakefield, Rhode Island [A16]

Bert Vogelstein, MD

Professor, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland [71]

Everett E. Vokes, MD

John E. Ultmann Professor; Chairman, Department of Medicine; Physician-in-Chief, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois [77]

Tamara J. Vokes, MD

Professor, Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois [412]

Nora D. Volkow, MD

Director, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland [455]

Kevin G. Volpp, MD, PhD

Director, Penn Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics; Founders Presidential Distinguished Professor, Perelman School of Medicine and the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [481]

Daniel D. Von Hoff, MD, FACP, FASCO, FAACR

Distinguished Professor, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN), Phoenix, Arizona; Virginia G. Piper Distinguished Chair for Innovative Cancer Research and Chief Scientific Officer, Honor Health Research Institute; Senior Consultant-Clinical Investigations, City of Hope; Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona [83]

Martin H. Voss, MD

Clinical Director, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [85]

Jiři F. P. Wagenaar, MD, PhD

Internist and Infectious Disease Specialist, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands [184]

Jesse Waggoner, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia [124]

Sushrut S. Waikar, MD, MPH

Chief, Section of Nephrology; Norman G. Lewinsky Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts [310]

Matthew K. Waldor, MD, PhD

Edward H. Kass Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [168]

David H. Walker, MD

The Carmage and Martha Walls Distinguished University Chair in Tropical Diseases; Professor, Department of Pathology; Executive Director, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas [187]

Mark F. Walker, MD

Associate Professor, Neurology, Case Western Reserve University; Director, Daroff-Dell’Osso Ocular Motility Laboratory, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, Ohio [22]

George R. Washko, MD, MMSc

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [286, A12]

Michael E. Wechsler, MD, MMSc

Professor of Medicine; Director, Asthma Program, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado [288]

Anthony P. Weetman, MD, DSc

University of Sheffield, School of Medicine, Sheffield, United Kingdom [382–385]

Robert A. Weinstein, MD

The C. Anderson Hedberg MD Professor of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center; Chairman of Medicine, Emeritus, Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois [142]

Jeffrey I. Weitz, MD, FRCP(C), FRSC, FACP

Professor of Medicine and Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University; Executive Director, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada [118]

Peter F. Weller, MD

William Bosworth Castle Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Chief Emeritus, Infectious Diseases Division and Vice Chair of Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [229–233, 235]

Andrew Wellman, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Sleep Disordered Breathing Lab, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [297]

Patrick Y. Wen, MD

Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Director, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Director, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [90]

Michael R. Wessels, MD

John F. Enders Professor of Pediatrics and Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [148]

L. Joseph Wheat, MD

Medical Director, MiraVista Diagnostics, Indianapolis, Indiana [212]

A. Clinton White, Jr., MD, FACP, FIDSA, FASTMH

Professor, Infectious Disease Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas [235]

Nicholas J. White, DSc, MD, FRCP, F Med Sci, FRS

Professor of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol and Oxford Universities, Bangkok, Thailand [224, A2]

Richard J. Whitley, MD

Loeb Eminent Scholar in Pediatrics; Professor of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Neurosurgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama [193]

Eleanor Wilson, MD, MHS

Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Director of Clinical Research, Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [191]

Michael R. Wilson, MD, MAS

Rachleff Family Distinguished Associate Professor in Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences; Staff Physician, University of California San Francisco Medical Center and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California [137, 139, S2]

Bruce U. Wintroub, MD

Professor and Chair, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California [60]

Allan W. Wolkoff, MD

The Herman Lopata Chair in Liver Disease Research; Professor of Medicine and Anatomy and Structural Biology; Associate Chair of Medicine for Research; Chief, Division of Hepatology; Director, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York [338]

Louis Michel Wong Kee Song, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota [322, V5]

John B. Wong, MD

Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine; Interim Chief Scientific Officer, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [4]

Thomas E. Wood, PhD

Research Fellow, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts [120]

Jennifer A. Woyach, MD

Professor of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio [107]

Peter F. Wright, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire [200]

Henry M. Wu, MD, DTM&H, FIDSA

Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University; Director, Emory TravelWell Center, Atlanta, Georgia [124]

Kim B. Yancey, MD

Professor and Chair, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Dallas, Texas [56, 59]

Lonny Yarmus, DO, MBA

Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [299]

Yusuf Yazici, MD

Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York [364]

Baligh R. Yehia, MD, MPP, MSc

Ascension Health, St. Louis, Missouri [400]

Janet A. Yellowitz, DMD, MPH

Associate Professor; Director, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland [A3]

Lam Minh Yen, MD

Senior Clinical Researcher, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam [152]

Neal S. Young, MD

Chief, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [102, 469]

Paul C. Zei, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Clinical Atrial Fibrillation Program, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts [243, 246–251]

Jing Zhou, MD, PhD, FASN

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology of Disease, Renal Division; Director, Center for Polycystic Kidney Disease Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, Massachusetts [315]

Werner Zimmerli, MD

Professor of Medicine, Basel University, Interdisciplinary Unit of Orthopaedic Infections, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland [131]

Laura A. Zimmerman, MPH

Epidemiologist, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [206]

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